ICPC 2026
Sun 12 - Mon 13 April 2026 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
co-located with ICSE 2026
Sun 12 Apr 2026 14:25 - 14:35 at Europa II - Session 2 - Human Aspects Chair(s): Alexander Serebrenik, Masud Rahman

Technical, source-code-related communication among software developers plays an essential role in open-source software (OSS) projects. Not unexpectedly, previous studies have shown that the conversational tone and, in particular, aggressiveness influence the participation of developers in OSS projects. Therefore, we aimed at studying aggressive behavior on the Linux Kernel Mailing List (LKML), which is known for technical, source-code-related discussions and for the aggressiveness of some of its contributors. To that aim, we attempted to assess the extent of aggressiveness of 720 e-mails from the LKML with a human annotation study, involving multiple annotators, to select a suitable sentiment analysis tool. The results of our annotation study revealed that there is substantial disagreement among humans, which uncovers a deeper methodological challenge of studying aggressiveness (and emotions, in general) in the software-engineering domain. Adjusting our focus, we dug deeper and investigated why the agreement among humans is generally low, based on manual investigations of ambiguously rated technical e-mails. Our results illustrate that human perception is individual and context dependent. Although we identified multiple potential causes for disagreement using an open coding approach, we did not find a general theme beside the fact that different individuals may perceive aggressiveness in technical discussions differently. Thus, when identifying aggressiveness in software-engineering texts, it is not sufficient to rely on aggregated measures of human annotations. Hence, sentiment analysis tools specifically trained on human-annotated data do not necessarily match human perception of aggressiveness, and corresponding results need to be taken with a grain of salt. Our findings suggest that research in the software-engineering domain needs to differentiate between specific forms of aggressiveness which can be identified with less ambiguity and depend less on the personality and context of the person rating a text. By reporting our results and experience, we want to call attention to the methodological challenge when studying aggressiveness (and sentiment, in general) in the software-engineering domain, which should become an important part of future research.

Sun 12 Apr

Displayed time zone: Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil change

14:00 - 15:30
Session 2 - Human AspectsResearch Track / Tool Demonstration / ICPC Program / Early Research Achievements (ERA) / Journal First at Europa II
Chair(s): Alexander Serebrenik Eindhoven University of Technology, Masud Rahman Dalhousie University
14:00
10m
Talk
Do Developers Read Type Information? An Eye-Tracking Study on TypeScript
Research Track
Samuel W. Flint Dakota State University, Robert Dyer University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Bonita Sharif University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA
Pre-print Media Attached
14:10
10m
Talk
Eye-Tracking Insights into the Effects of Type Annotations and Identifier Naming
Research Track
Nils Alznauer University of Bern, Norman Peitek Saarland University, Youssef Abdelsalam Saarland University, Annabelle Bergum Saarland University, Marvin Wyrich Saarland University, Sven Apel Saarland University
Pre-print
14:20
5m
Talk
Attention to Innovation: Linking Developer Gaze and Coding Approaches
Early Research Achievements (ERA)
Yahya Lafhal Polytechnique Montreal, Zohreh Sharafi Polytechnique Montréal, Mahta Amini Polytechnique Montréal
Pre-print
14:25
10m
Talk
Understanding the Low Inter-Rater Agreement on Aggressiveness on the Linux Kernel Mailing List
Journal First
Thomas Bock Carnegie Mellon University, Niklas Schneider Saarland University, Angelika Schmid IBM, Sven Apel Saarland University, Janet Siegmund Chemnitz University of Technology
Link to publication Media Attached
14:35
10m
Talk
Grasping AI Reliance in Program Comprehension and Coding through the AIRELI Persona Taxonomy
Research Track
Tarek Alakmeh University of Zurich, Norman Anderson University of Victoria, Victoria Jackson University of Southampton, Guilherme Vaz Pereira School of Technology, PUCRS, Brazil, Umit Akirmak University of Victoria, Anthony Estey University of British Columbia, Rafael Prikladnicki School of Technology at PUCRS University, Andre van der Hoek University of California, Irvine, Margaret-Anne Storey University of Victoria, Thomas Fritz University of Zurich
Pre-print Media Attached
14:45
10m
Talk
Put The "Code" Back in "Code Comprehension Study"
Research Track
Kyle D. Chin University of British Columbia, Reid Holmes University of British Columbia
DOI Pre-print
14:55
10m
Talk
The Way of Types: A Report on Developer Experience with Type-Driven Development
Research Track
Sára Juhošová Delft University of Technology, Andy Zaidman TU Delft, Jesper Cockx Delft University of Technology
Pre-print
15:05
10m
Talk
Understanding Codebase like a Professional! Human-AI Collaboration for Code Comprehension
Research Track
Jie (Sophia) Gao The Johns Hopkins University, Yue Xue MetaTrust Labs, Xiaofei Xie Singapore Management University, Junming Cao Fudan University, SoeMin THANT Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Erika Lee University of California San Diego, Bowen Xu North Carolina State University
15:15
5m
Talk
Hyalinos: From Type Inference to Community Knowledge
Tool Demonstration
Larisa Safina INRIA Lillle - Nord Europe
15:21
9m
Live Q&A
Joint QA and Discussion
ICPC Program