ICSE 2026
Sun 12 - Sat 18 April 2026 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

This paper presents a comparative performance analysis of three popular Python data manipulation libraries—Pandas, Polars, and Dask—within the context of deep learning training pipelines. The existing studies in this area do not embed the libraries inside a full deep-learning training pipeline where data loading, preprocessing, and batch feeding interact tightly with GPU workloads. To bridge this gap, we integrate Pandas, Polars, and Dask into representative deep learning training and inference pipelines and conduct experiments across a wide range of various machine learning models and datasets, measuring key performance indicators such as runtime, memory usage, disk usage, and energy consumption (CPU and GPU). Our comprehensive analysis reveals that Polars consistently minimizes CPU energy consumption on larger workloads, while Pandas remains competitive for moderate sizes. Dask’s overhead can lead to higher energy usage on small to moderate datasets. All three libraries achieve similar runtimes for heavy GPU workloads (ResNet, Mask R-CNN). Polars and Pandas maintain lower CPU memory footprints than Dask, but Dask offers easier scalability if data truly exceeds available RAM. Polars shows marginal energy savings on the CPU during preprocessing.

Tue 14 Apr

Displayed time zone: Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil change

09:00 - 10:30
GREENS 2026 - Workshop Opening / Pitch Session 1GREENS at Oceania VII

Workshop opening followed by Pitch Session 1 (5-minute pitch of each paper)

09:00
6m
Talk
Energy Consumption of Dataframe Libraries for End-to-End Deep Learning Pipelines - A Comparative Analysis
GREENS
Punit Kumar University at Buffalo, Asif Imran University at Buffalo, SUNY, Tevfik Kosar University at Buffalo
09:06
6m
Talk
On the Relation Between Technical and Environmental Sustainability - A Systematic Literature Review
GREENS
Jesus Beneyto Gomez Polo University of Groningen, Claudio Tessa University of Milano-Bicocca, Paris Avgeriou Univ. of Gronningen 
09:12
6m
Talk
Not All local LLMs Are Equal: A Benchmark of Energy and Performance
GREENS
Simão Cunha University of Minho & HASLab, INESCTEC, Francisco Ribeiro New York University Abu Dhabi, Luís Cruz TU Delft, João Saraiva
09:18
6m
Talk
Learning to Be Green: A Reinforcement Learning Agent for Sustainable Microservice Allocation in Cloud Computing
GREENS
Crislane Costa Instituto Atlântico, Alex Trajano Instituto Atlântico, Vicente Ferreira Instituto Atlântico, Vitor Estevam Instituto Atlântico, Matheus Paixao State University of Ceará
09:24
6m
Talk
Integrating Green Software Practices into Scrum: A Catalog of Measures and Systemic Challenges
GREENS
Aleksandra Gidionova Stuttgart Media University, Tobias Jordine Stuttgart Media University
09:30
6m
Talk
Integration of Green Coding into Management Frameworks - An Integration Outlook
GREENS
Dennis Junger HTW Berlin, University of Applied Sciences, Environmental Informatics Unit, Volker Wohlgemuth HTW Berlin, University of Applied Sciences, Environmental Informatics Unit
09:36
6m
Talk
CHAINS - Collaborative Hub for Advancing Innovative and Sustainable Software Supply Chains
GREENS
Gerson Sunyé IMT Atlantique; Nantes Université; École Centrale Nantes, Marcelo Medeiros Eler University of São Paulo, Daniel Cordeiro Universidade de São Paulo, Théo Le Calvar IMT Atlantique, LS2N (UMR CNRS 6004), Vinicius Renan de Carvalho University of São Paulo, Fernando Karchiloff Gouveia de Amorim University of São Paulo, Marcelo Morandini University of São Paulo
09:42
6m
Talk
Exploring the Use of Generative AI for Sustainable Software Requirements Elicitation
GREENS
Vishnu Teja Bathala Dept. Information Technology, Uppsala University, Jennifer Gross Uppsala University, Sofia Ouhbi Uppsala University
09:48
6m
Talk
Injecting Sustainability in Software Architecture: A Rapid Review
GREENS
Markus Funke Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Patricia Lago Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
09:54
6m
Talk
Towards a Taxonomy of Sustainability Requirements for Software Design
GREENS
Mandira Roy Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Novarun Deb University of Calgary, Nabendu Chaki University of Calcutta, India, Agostino Cortesi Ca’ Foscari University of Venice
10:00
6m
Talk
An Empirical Study of Energy Efficiency Monitoring for Complex Container-Based Systems
GREENS
Alexandros Koufakis University of Amsterdam, Collin Poetoehena University of Amsterdam, Tom van Engers University of Amsterdam, Ana Oprescu University of Amsterdam
10:06
6m
Talk
The Impacts of Artificial Intelligence throughout the Software Development Life-cycle on Sustainability: A Mixed-method Study
GREENS
Fazla Iqbal LUT University, Muhammad Asif Khan LUT University, Oshani Weerakoon Department of Computing, University of Turku, Shola Oyedeji LUT University , Jari Porras LUT University
10:12
6m
Talk
Transpiling with LLMs for Energy Efficiency
GREENS
João Paulo Fernandes New York University, Abu Dhabi, Aadil Chasmawala New York University Abu Dhabi, Bohdan Zlenko New York University Abu Dhabi, Mohamad Kassab Boston University
10:18
6m
Talk
Making Sustainability Visible in Agile Practices: A Vision for Team-Level Design Decision-Making
GREENS
Mahum Adil University of Glasgow, Peggy Gregory University of Glasgow, UK
10:24
6m
Talk
A Study on the Energy Efficiency of an Autonomous Rover
GREENS
Ambra Mihu Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Ivano Malavolta Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam