ESA is implementing two large Digital Twin Earth programmes that are aimed at transforming traditional Earth Observation which provides information about the past and present of the Earth into predictive Earth Observation and corresponding future scenarios. As part of the recently launched EU programme “Destination Earth” ESA has developed and operates the Digital Twin Earth Core Service Platform. In addition, ESA is implementing a complementary Digital Twin Earth programme which aims at integrating a wide range of Earth System themes and communities for the expansion of applications and services of the Digital Twin of the Earth.