Performance bugs are often hard to detect due to their non fail-stop symptoms. Existing debugging techniques can only detect performance bugs with known patterns (e.g., inefficient loops). The key reason behind this incapability is the lack of a general test oracle. Here, we argue that the performance expectation of configuration can serve as a strong oracle candidate for performance bug detection. First, prior work shows that most performance bugs are related to configurations. Second, the configuration change reflects users’ expectation on performance changes. If the actual performance behaves differently from the users’ expectation, the related code snippet is likely to be problematic.

In this paper, we first conducted a comprehensive study on 173 real-world configuration-related performance bugs (CPBugs) from 12 representative software systems. We then derived seven configuration-related performance properties, which can serve as test oracles in performance testing. Guided by the study, we designed and evaluated an automated performance testing framework, CP-Detector, for detecting real-world configuration-related performance bugs. CP-Detector was evaluated on 12 open-source projects. The results showed that it detected 43 out of 61 existing bugs and reported 13 new bugs.