There was a time when developers wrote a document containing the steps needed to install new software and handed it over to the Operations folk to deploy. We’ve come a long way from those days as we’ve moved away from infrequent, manual deployment to frequent, high quality, automated deployments. This talk covers the evolution of automation in Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment, the problems we have solved and the new kind of challenges we face, as we move from on-prem installations to the cloud.