Background. Software Engineering (SE) researchers extensively perform experiments with human subjects. Well-defined samples are required to ensure external validity. Samples are selected purposely or by convenience, limiting the generalizability of results.

Objective. We aim to depict the current status of participants selection in empirical SE, identifying the main threats and how they are mitigated. We draft a robust approach to participants’ selection.

Method. We reviewed existing participants’ selection guidelines in SE, and performed a preliminary literature review to find out how participants’ selection is conducted in SE in practice.

Results. We outline a new selection methodology, by 1) defining the characteristics of the desired population, 2) locating possible sources of sampling available for researchers, and 3) identifying and reducing the “distance” between the selected sample and its corresponding population.

Conclusion. We propose a roadmap to develop and empirically validate the selection methodology.