The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into software systems is reshaping the landscape of software maintenance and evolution, presenting both challenges and opportunities. As AI models become integral components of software, traditional maintenance practices face limitations due to the inductive and stochastic nature of AI, which complicates system behavior analysis. This keynote will discuss these challenges and present techniques we have developed to support the maintenance and evolution of AI-enabled systems. Additionally, this talk will explore how AI itself, particularly foundation models, is being harnessed to enhance maintenance and evolution practices. Key challenges will be highlighted, along with potential directions for future research.

Foutse Khomh is a Full Professor, a Canada Research Chair Tier 1, a Canada CIFAR AI Chair, an FRQ-IVADO Research Chair, an Honoris Genius Prize Laureate, and an NSERC Arthur B. McDonald Fellow at Polytechnique Montréal, where he heads the SWAT Lab (http://swat.polymtl.ca/). He received a Ph.D. in Software Engineering from the University of Montreal in 2011. His research interests include software maintenance and evolution, cloud engineering, machine learning systems engineering, empirical software engineering, software analytics, and dependable and trustworthy AI/ML. He has published over 200 conferences and journal papers. His work has received four ten-year Most Influential Paper (MIP) Awards, and eight Best/Distinguished Paper Awards. He has served on the program committees of several international conferences including ICSE, FSE, ICSM(E), SANER, MSR, ICPC, SCAM, ESEM and has reviewed for top international journals such as SQJ, JSS, EMSE, TSE, and TOSEM. He is program chair for Satellite Events at SANER 2015, program co-chair of SCAM 2015, ICSME 2018, PROMISE 2019, ICPC 2019, and SSBSE 2024, and general chair of ICPC 2018, SCAM 2020, and general co-chair of SANER 2020. He initiated and co-organized the Software Engineering for Machine Learning Applications (SEMLA) symposium. He is one of the organizers of the RELENG workshop series (http://releng.polymtl.ca) and Associate Editor for IEEE Software, EMSE, and JSEP.